Acknowledgments: We would like to extend our sincerest gratitude for I. V. Miroshnichenko, Head of the Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for general organizational leadership in the development and implementation of a model for training mid-level medical personnel in the Orenburg Region to act in emergency situations, as well as for creating conditions for the implementation of additional professional programs and interdepartmental cooperation.

Authors' contribution to the work: Bulycheva EV — concept of the work, collection and processing the data, writing the text, editing and approval of the final text of the article; Trofimova OV — collecting and processing the data, writing the text; Lutsai ED — the concept of the work, editing and approval of the final text of the article.

Compliance with ethical standards: As this investigation falls outside the scope of clinical trials, medical interventions, and biological specimen analysis, it is exempt from prior review by the local institutional review board. All questionnaires and surveys were administered on a strictly voluntary and confidential basis. Prior to completing the questionnaires, participants were informed of the purposes for data collection, as well as the protocols for data processing and storage; furthermore, all subjects granted explicit, voluntary consent to take part.